Benjamin Suchard<p><strong>Rethinking Proto-Semitic</strong></p><p>This week, I was stoked to attend a workshop in Marburg, Germany, entitled “Rethinking Proto-Semitic” and organized by profs Stefan Weninger and Michael Waltisberg. Despite some cancellations, the workshop had an amazing lineup of speakers—and a terrific atmosphere. Here’s my summary of the talks.</p><p><strong>Leonid Kogan</strong>, “What can we learn from Eblaite on Proto-Semitic morphology?” Ongoing study and decipherment of the 24th-century BCE East Semitic language from Ebla, Syria shows the following features that are interesting for reconstruction:</p><ol><li>personal pronouns: independent 1sg. /ʔanā/, 1pl. /nuḥnū/, 2m.sg. /ʔatta/, 2m.pl. /ʔattunu/, 3m.sg. /suwa/, 3f.sg. /siya/; suffixed 1du. /-nay/, 1pl. /-nu/, 2du. /-kumay(n)/, 3du. /-sumay(n)/</li><li>3m.pl. prefix conjugation /ti-…-ū/</li><li><em>t</em>-perfect, as in Mesopotamian Akkadian</li><li>autobenefactive use of the ventive /-am/</li><li>no subjunctive marker -u, unlike Mesopotamian Akkadian (this is big)</li><li><em>t</em>-stem infinitives with both prefixation and infixation, like <em>dar-da-bí-tum</em> /tartappidum/ ‘to roam here and there’, cf. <em>ra-ba-tum</em> /rapādum/ ‘to roam’</li><li>nominal oblique “masculine” plural ending /-ay/, as reconstructed for Sargonic Akkadian and Assyrian and compatible with Babylonian; unlike Central Semitic *-ī-na</li><li>singular case endings preserved in the construct state and before pronominal suffixes, e.g. <em>ba-lu da-a-tim</em> /baʕlu daʕātim/ ‘owner of knowledge (nom.)’, <em>me-gi-ru</em>12<em>-zu</em> /migrusu/ ‘his favourite (nom.)’</li><li>productive use of terminative *-is, e.g. DU-<em>ti-iš</em> /halaktis/ ‘for the journey’</li><li>‘twenty’ with -ū vowel like Central Semitic, not -ā like other languages</li></ol><p><strong>Maria Bulakh</strong>, “Intercalated *<em>a</em> as a plural marker in Soqotri and its implications for the reconstruction of Proto-Semitic”. While superficially hard to recognize (and Jorik and I didn’t attempt to in <a href="https://www.academia.edu/47400828/_Northwest_Semitic_sg_CVCC_pl_CVCaC_%C5%AB_Broken_plural_or_regular_reflex" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">our paper on this subject</a>), reconstruction of Modern South Arabian and especially Soqotri attest insertion of *<em>-a-</em> between the second and third radical of *<em>CVCC-</em> nouns in the plural. No external plural suffix though.</p><p><strong>Me</strong>, “Rethinking the Proto-Semitic stative”. Slides <a href="https://www.academia.edu/128593001/Rethinking_the_Proto_Semitic_stative" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">here</a>. Got some good suggestions for languages where I could go looking for a synchronic distinction between resultative *<em>qatal-a</em> and preterit *<em>ya-qtul</em>.</p>Me presenting. The audience was bigger than it looks here, although not much (around 15 people).<p><strong>Ahmad Al-Jallad</strong>, “Revisiting the post-verbal morphemes *<em>-u</em> and *<em>-n(V)</em> in Semitic: a proposal for a unified theory”. The different verbal suffixes/enclitics shaped like <em>-u</em> and <em>-n(V)</em> in Akkadian, Central Semitic possibly Modern South Arabian, and Gurage (South Abyssinian) could all descend from the Proto-Semitic *<em>=u(m)</em> locative, which gained various subordinating and durative meanings. Central Semitic *<em>ya-qtul-u</em> instead of *<em>ya-qattal-u</em> for the imperfect could show a collapse in the distinction between *<em>ya-qtul</em> and *<em>ya-qattal</em> related to the rise of the West Semitic perfect *<em>qatal-a</em>.</p><p><strong>Michael Waltisberg</strong>, “Issues of reconstructive methodology in Semitics”. Based on his review of Rebecca Hasselbach(-Andee)’s 2013 <em>Case in Semitic</em>, Waltisberg discussed some methodological questions like whether our reconstructed Proto-Semitic represents an actually spoken language or just maps correspondences between different languages and whether there is room for dialectal diversity and different chronological stages within a protolanguage. (Prof. Hasselbach-Andee sadly had to cancel her planned attendance.)</p><p><strong>Lutz Edzard</strong>, “Linguistic divergence and convergence in Arabic and Semitic revisited”. As the most protolanguage-sceptic scholar at the workshop, Edzard reviewed some of his problems with the linear-descent-only family tree model where every language in a family descends from a kind of ancestral singularity with no internal diversity.</p><p><strong>Vera Tsukanova</strong>, “What can modern Arabic dialects reveal about the etymology of the L-stem in Semitic?” The development of the L-stem (*<em>qātal-</em>) in historical Arabic suggests that it is more likely that this stem originally had a concrete meaning like applicative that was bleached in some languages than that it was originally vague and acquired its specific meaning in pre-Arabic.</p><p><strong>Eran Cohen</strong>, “Semitic <em>k-</em>based similative particles—comparative and diachronic aspects”. Different Semitic particles starting with <em>k-</em> can be diachronically related to each other according to recognized historical pathways of development.</p><p><strong>Na’ama Pat-El</strong>, “Homomorphs and reconstruction”. We are probably not dealing with one, syncretic morpheme but rather two homophonous ones in the cases of 1) prefix conjugation 2m.sg./3f.sg. *<em>t</em>-; (2) f.sg. abstract noun/m.pl. adjective suffix *<em>-ūt</em>-; (3) f.sg. noun or adjective/weak root verbal noun or infinitive suffix *<em>-t-</em>. In the latter, most controversial case, Pat-El invoked some evidence that the verbal nouns like Biblical Hebrew <em>šéḇeṯ</em> ‘sitting’ (from <em>y-š-b</em>) are syntactically masculine (e.g. Ps 133:1).</p><p><strong>Stefan Weninger</strong>, “The Semitic <em>Urheimat</em> question: a review of the proposals and some perspectives”. An overview of some proposed points of dispersal for the Semitic languages since the late 19th century, the main contenders being the Arabian peninsula and East and North Africa. In the Q&A, Kogan added his own suggestion, published in an Encyclopedia Aethiopica article: Canaan.</p><p><strong>Walter Sommerfeld</strong>, “The concept of a common Semitic cultural area (‘Kish Civilization’) in the 3rd millennium”. Contemporary evidence shows that there is no basis for Ignace Gelb’s concept of a distinctly Semitic culture in Early Dynastic northern Babylonia.</p><p>Apart from these talks, we spent about half the time in unstructured panel discussions, on phonology, morphology, methodology, and classification/<em>Urheimat</em> questions. Each discussion was kicked off by a short, stimulating talk, mostly by attendees who did not present full papers: <strong>Martin Kümmel</strong>, <strong>Michaël Cysouw</strong>, and <strong>Aaron Rubin</strong>. This was an experimental feature of the workshop, and I’m on the fence about it; the discussions were certainly fun and a lot of interesting points were brought up (e.g. Kogan: linguistic paleontology shows that Proto-Semitic speakers <em>did</em> know hyraxes but did <em>not</em> know oryxes, and only Canaan is [+hyrax][-oryx]), but it felt like they yielded fewer concrete insights than regular talks would have. It was a nice way to get some more people involved, though, also from adjacent fields (Indo-European/Indo-Iranian and Caucasian/Germanic linguistics).</p><p>All in all, it was wonderful to be able to fully geek out about Proto-Semitic and its daughters for a couple of days. There’s plans to publish proceedings, so hopefully in a few years you’ll be able to read all about these topics in full detail. Stay tuned.</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/akkadian/" target="_blank">#Akkadian</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/arabic/" target="_blank">#Arabic</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/berber/" target="_blank">#Berber</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/conference/" target="_blank">#conference</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/east-cushitic/" target="_blank">#EastCushitic</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/eblaite/" target="_blank">#Eblaite</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/egyptian/" target="_blank">#Egyptian</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/gurage/" target="_blank">#Gurage</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/hebrew/" target="_blank">#Hebrew</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/linguistics/" target="_blank">#linguistics</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/modern-south-arabian/" target="_blank">#ModernSouthArabian</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/proto-semitic/" target="_blank">#ProtoSemitic</a></p>
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#hebrew
2 posts · 2 participants · 0 posts today
littlemiao :jewish_pride_flag:<p>I managed to say a kind of long sentence that my teacher kind of understood! 🎉 </p><p>Also, big surprise, it does seem that more frequent lessons (I did one other in March) have a learning benefit. <a href="https://babka.social/tags/LanguageLearning" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LanguageLearning</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a></p>
Hebrew by Inbal<p>“What a relief!”</p><p>You know that feeling when you finally sit down after a long day, kick off your shoes, and take that first sip of tea (or wine—no judgment)? Well, multiply that by a whole week, and that’s the feeling of making it to Shabbat!</p><p>Six days of emails, errands, traffic, and ‘I’ll get to it later’s’—and then, just like that, Friday night arrives, and the world slows down. Candles are lit, challah is on the table, and suddenly, life makes sense again.</p><p>So, if you’ve been running on caffeine and good intentions all week—what a relief—Shabbat is finally here!</p><p>Shabbat Shalom! How are you unwinding this week?</p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/whatarelief" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>whatarelief</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/enjoy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>enjoy</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/language" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>language</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/sabbath" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>sabbath</span></a></p>
Hebrew by Inbal<p>It’s so easy to look at what’s still undone.</p><p>What didn’t get finished.</p><p>Where you thought you’d be by now.</p><p>But this week — before rushing into what’s next —</p><p>pause and look around at what is.</p><p>What you’ve made it through.</p><p>What you’ve learned.</p><p>What you’ve built, even in small, quiet ways.</p><p>Because momentum doesn’t just come from hustle.</p><p>It comes from acknowledging your own strength.</p><p>When you focus on what you have — not just materially, but internally —<br>you remind yourself of what you’re capable of.</p><p>And that reminder?</p><p>That’s fuel.</p><p>That’s forward energy.</p><p>So let this weekend be your check-in.</p><p>Not just to rest.</p><p>But to reflect on how far you've already come.</p><p>There is so much more ahead — but you’re not starting from scratch.</p><p>You're moving forward with everything you’ve already earned, learned, and become.</p><p>Shabbat Shalom 💫</p><p>Here’s to starting the next step from a place of real power.</p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/shabatshalom" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>shabatshalom</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/weekend" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>weekend</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/saturdayvibe" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>saturdayvibe</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/judaism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>judaism</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hebrew</span></a></p>
Hebrew by Inbal<p>Thank you Canada for trusting in my resources and helping to make them best sellers! </p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/Canada" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Canada</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/ThankYou" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ThankYou</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/BestSeller" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BestSeller</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Books" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Books</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/LanguageLearning" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LanguageLearning</span></a></p>
Caleb :jewish_pride_flag: כָלב<p>Ready for <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> class tonight! <a href="https://www.originshebrewstudies.com/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">originshebrewstudies.com/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/LanguageLearning" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LanguageLearning</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Bible" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Bible</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Torah" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Torah</span></a></p>
ד-פּאַקס<p>"The ambivalence at the core of <a href="https://babka.social/tags/hipster" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hipster</span></a> lent itself to what would become hipster <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Judaism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Judaism</span></a>. Was hipster Judaism a sincere reclamation of an identity otherwise shunned as dorky? (<a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> school: dorky. <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Jewish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Jewish</span></a> communal publications: dorky. Parents wanting you to follow traditions: dorky. Eating different foods and celebrating different holidays than everyone else: dorky.) Or was it an ironic embrace of the dorky?</p><p>Nowhere was this ambivalence leaned into more than in the very existence of something called <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Heeb" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Heeb</span></a>, a 2001-2010 print publication recently brought back to digital life by Mik Moore, a Jewish marketer we recently interviewed on Bonjour Chai. It was slur-reclamation, but not the earnest sort. It leaned into the squirming."</p><p><a href="https://thecjn.ca/arts-culture/hipster-judaism/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">thecjn.ca/arts-culture/hipster</span><span class="invisible">-judaism/</span></a></p>
Hebrew by Inbal<p>Shabbat Shalom & Happy Friday! ☀️✨</p><p>It’s finally Friday—time to shake off the week, sip some coffee (or tea?), and slide into that weekend vibe! 🕺💃 Whether you’re practicing your Hebrew, planning a delicious Shabbat meal, or just counting down the hours until rest and relaxation, I hope today brings you joy and accomplishment.</p><p>Tell me—what’s something good that happened to you this week? Let’s celebrate the little wins together! 💙✡️</p><p>Wishing you a wonderful day and a peaceful Shabbat! 🌿</p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/BokerTov" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BokerTov</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Friday" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Friday</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/ShabbatShalom" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ShabbatShalom</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Language" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Language</span></a></p>
Caleb :jewish_pride_flag: כָלב<ol><li>Finished Biblical <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> homework.</li><li>Updated bullet journal.</li><li>Ate 100% <a href="https://babka.social/tags/WFPB" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WFPB</span></a> today.</li></ol><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/3GoodThings" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>3GoodThings</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/vegan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>vegan</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/vegetarian" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>vegetarian</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Bible" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Bible</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/journaling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>journaling</span></a></p>
Hebrew by Inbal<p>Learn Hebrew in the kitchen 🧼🍴 Real Hebrew words you'll use daily. </p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/WXOmWAr_-9Q?si=boXPePqiBFpZZERn" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">youtu.be/WXOmWAr_-9Q?si=boXPeP</span><span class="invisible">qiBFpZZERn</span></a></p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/kitchen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>kitchen</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/youtubevideo" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>youtubevideo</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/learnhebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>learnhebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/languagelearning" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>languagelearning</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/housetour" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>housetour</span></a></p>
Farhad<p>Breaking the Silence (on FB):</p><p>The following statement was published in <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Haaretz%E2%80%99s" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Haaretz’s</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> print edition on Friday, in collaboration with many of our partners in <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Israeli" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Israeli</span></a> civil society.</p><p>“Say no to the Israeli government’s policy of death</p><p>Tens of thousands of deaths, entire cities razed, millions of human beings emaciated from hunger, hostages abandoned to suffer and die - none of this satisfies the bloodlust of the <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Netanyahu-Ben" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Netanyahu-Ben</span></a> Gvir government.</p><p>For the sake of its political survival, and in the name of the war of attrition it declared against the Palestinian people, the Israeli government is prepared to continue committing the gravest crimes.</p><p>This is what dictatorship looks like - when a leader is prepared to trade in human blood for his own selfish interests.</p><p>It’s time to say loud and clear: We will not continue to follow him on this path of doom.</p><p>We all have a duty to resist the Netanyahu-Ben Gvir government’s policy of death.</p><p><a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Palestine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Palestine</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Gaza" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Gaza</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=BenGvir" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BenGvir</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Fascism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Fascism</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Genocide" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Genocide</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=WaeCrime" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WaeCrime</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=Politics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Politics</span></a> <a href="https://venera.social/search?tag=BreakingTheSilence" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BreakingTheSilence</span></a> <span class="h-card"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/palestine" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>palestine</span></a></span> <span class="h-card"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/israel" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>israel</span></a></span></p>
naphtali<p>Is it just me or too filters in modern search engines do not show any discussions on the background of 1488 becoming a unicode for symbol א, aleph? Someone must have tried to dig this story up.</p><p>But all I see is a single post on Medium:<br><a href="https://medium.com/@wimahl/unicodes-nazi-problem-58fbd4291a7f" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">medium.com/@wimahl/unicodes-na</span><span class="invisible">zi-problem-58fbd4291a7f</span></a></p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/israel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>israel</span></a></p>
bookandswordblog<p>The seal impression of king Hezekiah of Judah on a clay seal ("bulla") with a winged sun motif and an Egyptian ankh. Bullae were used to seal strings that closed documents, lids, and doors <a href="https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/news/king-hezekiah-in-the-bible-royal-seal-of-hezekiah-comes-to-light/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/</span><span class="invisible">news/king-hezekiah-in-the-bible-royal-seal-of-hezekiah-comes-to-light/</span></a> <a href="https://scholar.social/tags/ancMedToot" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ancMedToot</span></a> <a href="https://scholar.social/tags/archaeology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>archaeology</span></a> <a href="https://scholar.social/tags/aramaic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>aramaic</span></a> <a href="https://scholar.social/tags/hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>hebrew</span></a></p>
NJG Designs<p>Dayenu is a Hebrew word that means, "it would have been sufficient" or "it would have been enough." This Hebrew song is traditionally sung at the Jewish holiday of Passover, at the Seder. Our Jewish Dayenu design is great all year, but especially awesome for Passover! Also available in blue lettering. </p><p>Buy tote bag here: <a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0BYQLCPSS?th=1&psc=1" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">amazon.com/dp/B0BYQLCPSS?th=1&</span><span class="invisible">psc=1</span></a></p><p>Other products and other Passover designs too</p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/BuyIntoArt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BuyIntoArt</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Passover" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Passover</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Pesach" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Pesach</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Dayenu" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Dayenu</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Jewish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Jewish</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/JewishGifts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>JewishGifts</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/AmYisraelChai" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AmYisraelChai</span></a></p>
Hebrew by Inbal<p>People treat these as facts, but they’re what keep learners stuck! 🚩</p><p>I hear…<br>➡️ “More study = speaking will feel natural.” (Yet it only gets harder.)<br>➡️ “No immersion = no real progress.” (So they keep waiting… and never start.)<br>➡️ “I must read/write before speaking.” (Not if speaking is your goal! I’ve solved the ‘how’—just follow my steps.)</p><p>These aren’t just myths—they’re roadblocks. Once you learn differently, everything changes.</p><p>💡 Which one have you believed? Drop the number below! 👇</p><p>P.S. Sunday’s email will shatter what you thought about learning Hebrew. Comment “EMAIL” to get it! 📩</p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/languagelearning" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>languagelearning</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/truth" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>truth</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/learnhebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>learnhebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/reachinggoals" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>reachinggoals</span></a></p>
getmisch<p>Interest free loans to folks who need to move to a less hostile state bc they're LGBTQ. Up to $10K. There are some requirements & you need a second signator but you don't have to be Jewish! USA, any state to any state. Spread the good word ~ <br><a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/MoveToThrive" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MoveToThrive</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/Keshet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Keshet</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/HFLS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HFLS</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/Free" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Free</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/Loan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Loan</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/Society" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Society</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/LGBTQ" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LGBTQ</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/rights" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>rights</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/are" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>are</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/human" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>human</span></a> rights <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/NTTN" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>NTTN</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/North" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>North</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/Texas" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Texas</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/TRANSportation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>TRANSportation</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/Network" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Network</span></a> too <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/move" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>move</span></a> to a <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/safe" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>safe</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/state" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>state</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/apply" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>apply</span></a> <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/loan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>loan</span></a> no <a href="https://masto.nyc/tags/interest" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>interest</span></a> <a href="https://www.keshetonline.org/movetothrive/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">keshetonline.org/movetothrive/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p>
Dorothea Lange<p>Unemployed men on Howard Street. San Francisco, California </p><p> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/HowardStreet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HowardStreet</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/SanFrancisco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SanFrancisco</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/California" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>California</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/RummyHouse" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RummyHouse</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/theGreatDepression" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>theGreatDepression</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/DorotheaLange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DorotheaLange</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/English" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>English</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/undefined" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>undefined</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/photography" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>photography</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.ozioso.online/tags/DorotheaLange" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DorotheaLange</span></a> </p><p><a href="https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2017769705/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">loc.gov/pictures/item/20177697</span><span class="invisible">05/</span></a></p>
NJG Designs<p>Am Yisrael Chai! This Hebrew saying has become more important given the antisemitism in the world. Also available in pink lettering too. </p><p>Hoodie only $29.98 and free Prime shipping</p><p><a href="https://babka.social/tags/BuyIntoArt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BuyIntoArt</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/AmYisraelChai" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AmYisraelChai</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Israel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Israel</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/StopAntisemitism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>StopAntisemitism</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Jewish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Jewish</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/JewishGifts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>JewishGifts</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/EndJewHate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>EndJewHate</span></a></p>
Benjamin Suchard<p><strong>Leiden Summer School 2025</strong></p><p>The program for this year’s <a href="https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/education/study-programmes/summer-schools/summer-school-in-languages-and-linguistics" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Leiden Summer School in Languages and Linguistics</a> is up. Besides the Caucasian, Chinese, Language Description, Language Documentation, Indo-European (I/II), Celtic, Indology, Iranian, Linguistics (I/II), Mediterranean World, and Russian tracks, here’s the line-up for Semitic this year:</p><ul><li>An introduction to Arabic paleography and epigraphy (Ahmad Al-Jallad)</li><li>Comparative Semitics (Marijn van Putten with guest lectures by me and maybe others)</li><li>Rabbinic Hebrew (Martin Baasten)</li><li>Classical Ethiopic (Martin Baasten)</li></ul><p>Registration opens soon! The Summer School will run from July 21st through August 1st.</p><p><span></span></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/arabic/" target="_blank">#Arabic</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/geez/" target="_blank">#GeEz</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/hebrew/" target="_blank">#Hebrew</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/linguistics/" target="_blank">#linguistics</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/news/" target="_blank">#news</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/proto-semitic/" target="_blank">#ProtoSemitic</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://bnuyaminim.wordpress.com/tag/rabbinic/" target="_blank">#Rabbinic</a></p>
ד-פּאַקס<p>“This <a href="https://babka.social/tags/book" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>book</span></a> is a response to the self-image of <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Jews" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Jews</span></a> as scholarly <a href="https://babka.social/tags/sages" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>sages</span></a> — not fantasy <a href="https://babka.social/tags/warriors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>warriors</span></a> or <a href="https://babka.social/tags/heroes" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>heroes</span></a> — and an invitation to broaden our understanding of what it means to be a <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Jew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Jew</span></a>.”</p><p>So says J.S. Gold, author of the uniquely illuminating <a href="https://babka.social/tags/novel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>novel</span></a> The Sanhedrin Chronicles, a modern <a href="https://babka.social/tags/fantasy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>fantasy</span></a> where ancient <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Hebrew" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hebrew</span></a> <a href="https://babka.social/tags/mysticism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mysticism</span></a> comes alive on the streets of <a href="https://babka.social/tags/NewYork" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>NewYork</span></a>.</p><p>The <a href="https://babka.social/tags/author" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>author</span></a> adds, “Taken a step further, all good fantasy fiction uses the particular to illuminate the universal. The story considers identity through a uniquely <a href="https://babka.social/tags/Jewish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Jewish</span></a> lens, but it’s by no means limited to the Jewish experience.”</p><p><a href="https://booktrib.com/2025/03/05/author-draws-from-jewish-heritage-to-craft-urban-fantasy-novel/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">booktrib.com/2025/03/05/author</span><span class="invisible">-draws-from-jewish-heritage-to-craft-urban-fantasy-novel/</span></a></p>
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