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#biomarkers

1 post1 participant0 posts today
Public
Dr. John Barentine FRAS

"Air pollution and ALAN exposure are linked to memory impairment, with combined effects potentially amplifying risk. #Biomarkers play a key role in mediating these effects, suggesting a need for targeted public health measures to mitigate these environmental health risks."

link.springer.com/article/10.1

SpringerLinkSynergistic impact of air pollution and artificial light at night on memory disorders: a nationwide cohort analysis - BMC Public HealthBackground Air pollutants and outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) are known health risks, with established effects on respiratory and cardiovascular health. However, their impact on cognitive function, particularly neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, remains poorly understood. Methods Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), including 44,689 participants, memory impairment (Memrye) was defined by self-reported memory-related diseases. Cox regression models were applied to assess the relationship between pollutants, ALAN exposure, and Memrye. Interaction analyses evaluated the combined effects using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (S). Biomarker analyses and stepwise causal mediation examined the underlying mechanisms. Results Air pollutants and ALAN were significantly associated with Memrye (p < 0.05), with hazard ratios (HR) ranging from 1.010 to 1.343. Synergistic effects were observed, such as for PM2.5 and ALAN, with RERI, AP, and S values of 0.65 (0.33, 0.97), 0.30 (0.26, 0.34), and 1.43 (1.21, 1.65), respectively. Biomarker analyses showed significant correlations between pollutants, glucose, cholesterol, and uric acid, while ALAN was negatively associated with glucose and uric acid. Mediation analyses indicated that PM2.5, NO2, and ALAN indirectly affected Memrye through biomarkers, accounting for 1.07–8.28% of the total effects. Conclusion Air pollution and ALAN exposure are linked to memory impairment, with combined effects potentially amplifying risk. Biomarkers play a key role in mediating these effects, suggesting a need for targeted public health measures to mitigate these environmental health risks.
#AirPollution#LightPollution#EnvironmentalHealth
Public *
Wladimir Mufty

💚👌🏽 How many more examples do you need to see that cutting funding for #education and #research is incredibly short-sighted?

A sector dedicated to making society wiser 🤓 and more beautiful 💪, driven by people whose calling it is to work with meticulous care….(against all odds and without billionaire salaries 🤑)…solely for the benefit of the public good 🙋🏾‍♂️💁🏼🙆🏽‍♂️👶🏽👴🏻

#alzheimer #biomarkers #research #academia

newatlas.com/brain/alzheimers-

New Atlas · Alzheimer's biomarkers now visible up to a decade ahead of symptomsResearchers have devised a biomarker test that can spot small amounts of clumping tau protein in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, which lead to Alzheimer's Disease. This test can help detect the tangled proteins years early, enabling intervention.
Public
Nonya Bidniss :CIAverified:

Researchers have identified 13 proteins in the blood that predict how quickly or slowly a person’s brain ages compared with the rest of their body.

Their study, published in Nature Aging on 9 December, used a machine-learning model to estimate ‘brain ages’ from scans of more than 10,000 people. The authors then analysed thousands of scans alongside blood samples and found eight proteins that were associated with fast brain ageing, and five linked to slower brain ageing.

One key protein was brevican (BCAN), which helps to form and maintain the network of molecules around cells and is involved in learning and memory. Higher levels of BCAN were associated with slower brain ageing. Brain cells in people with Alzheimer’s disease also express less BCAN than do those in healthy people.

In a separate analysis, the authors found that changes in levels of a range of blood proteins peak at three chronological ages: 57, 70 and 78 years, with each of these ages marking a distinct phase of brain ageing. For example, most of the changes at 57 years of age were in proteins associated with metabolism, wound healing and mental health. At 70 years old, proteins involved in brain-cell function showed changes that were strongly associated with risks of age-related brain conditions such as dementia and stroke. At the age of 78, the researchers observed changes in proteins linked to immunity and inflammation. #biomarkers #brain #aging #neuroscience #medicine nature.com/articles/d41586-024

www.nature.comHow fast is your brain ageing? Proteins in blood offer cluesBiomarkers could monitor ageing in the brain, revealing ways to treat dementia and other age-related brain disorders.
Public
Nina Davtian

Are past #ocean #temperature #reconstructions based on #geochemical indicators representative at the #local and #regional scales, as such reconstructions typically rely on a single #sediment core?
This new #scientific #publication—not co-authored by me—addresses this #question:
doi.org/10.1186/s40645-024-006
#Science
#ScienceMastodon #AcademicMastodon
#PaleoClimate #SeaTemperature #SeaSurfaceTemperature #SST
#Geochemistry #Foraminifera #MgCa #Biomarkers #Alkenones #GDGTs #isoGDGTs

SpringerOpenReplicability of paleotemperature records in the northern Okinawa Trough and its implications for paleoceanographic reconstructions - Progress in Earth and Planetary ScienceGeochemical proxies are frequently utilized in the reconstruction of past ocean temperatures. Due to resource constraints, these reconstructions typically rely on a single sediment core, raising questions about the local and regional representativeness of paleotemperature records. To address this, we analyzed four sediment cores located within a 10-km radius in the northern Okinawa Trough (OT), which share the same climatic forcing and thus should reflect similar climate variations. We compiled published data and generated new paleotemperature estimates based on three widely used geochemical proxies (foraminiferal Mg/Ca, $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ , $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 ). Analysis of the mean absolute deviations for nearby records based on the same proxy revealed that $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ has the highest reproducibility, followed by Mg/Ca and $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 . However, inconsistencies in inter-proxy offsets among nearby sites suggest the presence of noise in the proxy records, likely stemming from instrumental errors and sediment heterogeneity. Furthermore, the Mg/Ca and $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ paleotemperature records agree within uncertainty when accounting for inter-site variability and calibration uncertainties, challenging previous interpretations of temperature signals from different seasons. All proxies indicate similar glacial-interglacial trends, albeit with varying magnitudes of temperature change. Both Mg/Ca and $${\text{U}}_{37}^{{{\text{K}}^{\prime}}}$$ U 37 K ′ records suggest a glacial cooling of ~ 3 °C, whereas $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 sea surface temperature (SST) data indicate a stronger glacial cooling of approximately ~ 6–8 °C. Modern observations indicate a subsurface $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 recording depth of 50–100 m, coinciding with the thermocline. However, the $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 subsurface temperature (subT) record does not resemble the Mg/Ca records of thermocline-dwelling foraminifera species. Instead, there is a better agreement with benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca records of Uvigerina spp. (~ 700 m) and the intermediate temperature record derived from radiolarian assemblages (~ 500 m), pointing to a $${\text{TEX}}_{86}$$ TEX 86 recording depth that is deeper than the thermocline. In summary, our findings show that proxy noise can impact inter-proxy comparisons of paleotemperature records, but not the direction of glacial-interglacial shifts. Future research should prioritize constraining the recording depth of paleotemperature proxies and reducing calibration uncertainty for more precise and reliable quantitative paleotemperature reconstruction.
Public
Nina Davtian

Isn’t it cool, as a paleoclimate #scientist, to co-author this new #archaeological #scientific #publication first-authored by Juan Ochando?
doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.20
With Belen Martrat and Barend van Drooge at IDAEA-CSIC and Joan Villanueva, Oriol Teruel, and me at ICTA-UAB.
More information in the following #thread: 👇🏻 (1/11)
#Science
#ScienceMastodon #AcademicMastodon
#Paper #OpenAccess
#Archaeology #Neandertal #Experiment
#Gibraltar #Cave #Hearth
#Biomarkers #Levoglucosan #PAHs #Retene #BPCAs

Nina Davtian (that's me!) at her work office, with the laptop screen showing the header of her co-authored article by Ochando et al. (in press) QSR (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109025) and her pen showing where her name appears in the author list.
Header of the online article by Ochando et al. (in press) QSR (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109025) entitled "A Neanderthal’s specialised burning structure compatible with tar obtention" and published as a gold open access paper in the Elsevier journal Quaternary Science Reviews. Screenshot taken by Nina Davtian (that's me!).
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Nina Davtian

Over the past few years, I substantially contributed to the OH-isoGDGT #literature (Davtian et al., 2019 PALO; 2021 PALO; Davtian & Bard, 2023 PNAS), so I am overjoyed to highlight this new OH-isoGDGT #scientific #publication by Devika Varma et al. in #Biogeosciences @EuroGeosciences!
doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4875-202
Disclaimer: I am not a co-author and I did not review this #paper either.
#Science
#ScienceMastodon #AcademicMastodon
#Archaea #Microbiology #Cultures
#Biomarkers #GDGTs #isoGDGTs

bg.copernicus.orgControls on the composition of hydroxylated isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs) in cultivated ammonia-oxidizing ThaumarchaeotaAbstract. Membrane lipids of ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota, in particular isoprenoidal glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs) and hydroxylated isoGDGTs (OH-isoGDGTs), have been used as biomarkers and as proxies in various environments. Controlled growth experiments have been used to investigate the factors that influence the composition of these lipids, in particular on how these factors affect the TEX86 temperature proxy, which is based on the degree of cyclization of isoGDGTs. Recently, the ring index of OH-isoGDGTs (RI-OH′), based on cyclization patterns of OH-isoGDGTs, and the abundance of OH-isoGDGTs relative to summed abundances of OH-isoGDGTs and regular isoGDGTs (% OH) have emerged as promising temperature proxies. Here, we examined the impact of growth temperature and growth phase on the distribution of OH-isoGDGTs and their associated proxies using cultures of two thaumarchaeotal strains. Analysis of core lipids and headgroup compositions of isoGDGTs and OH-isoGDGTs showed no consistent differences between the mid-exponential and stationary phases for both strains. Nitrosopumilus adriaticus NF5 shows a substantially higher relative abundance of OH-isoGDGTs (∼ 49 %) compared to Nitrosopumilus piranensis D3C (∼ 5 %) and also relative to observations reported for core lipids in the marine environment (< 17 %), indicating large variations in % OH values even among closely related species. Unlike in the marine environment, the % OH did not decrease with increasing temperatures in either of the strains, possibly reflecting a threshold below 15 °C for this response in the natural environment. The RI-OH′ increases with increasing temperature in cultures of both strains, similar to the ring index of regular isoGDGTs. The relative abundances of the headgroups varied between strains and did not respond to changes in temperature or growth phase. The % OH and RI-OH′ calculated from intact polar lipids with different headgroups revealed large differences between the distinct intact polar lipids, similar to that previously observed for regular isoGDGTs. Together, our findings suggest that growth temperature has a pronounced effect on the degree of cyclization in isoGDGTs and OH-isoGDGTs, in contrast to the relative abundance of OH-isoGDGTs, which mainly exhibits interspecies variability.
Public
Rhyothemis

today I watched:

Disrupting Health Care Using Deep Data and Remote Monitoring: Michael Snyder, Ph.D.
youtube.com/live/Mv7aBcqcKsQ?s

Lots of interesting points, esp.

- [5:28] avg. human body temp. is 97.5 deg. F ; variation in baseline make the definition of 'fever' problematic

- [37:35] blood oxygen drops during airplane flights
(I knew that before watching this video, but did not know a few decades ago when pregnant)

#biology #medicine #biomarkers
#2dayIwatched

YouTubeDisrupting Health Care Using Deep Data and Remote Monitoring: Michael Snyder, Ph.D.By Fralin Biomedical Research Institute
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